stewart



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. W. STEWART.

PERFUMERY BOTTLE.

(No Model.)

No. 390,317. Patented Oct. 2, 1888.

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1 1 a. m U 0 e 9 N m 3 n%@ M w 0 m N UNITED STATES PATENT rricn.

\VILLIAM W. STElVART, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.

PERFUMERY-BOTTLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,317, dated October2, 1888.

(No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, WILLIAM W. STEWART, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Perfumery-Bottles, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bottles, flasks, or sachets for containingperfumery, disinfectants, medicinal liquids, or other liquid substances.It relates also to stoppers for such bottles.

The object of my invention is to facilitate the discharge of liquid inminute quantities, either upon the agitation of the bottle or by itsautomatic action when desired, by the utilization of capillary action.To this end I pro vide a discharge-passage,which may be tubular or not,extending from the liquid in the bottle to the stopper thereof, wi thmeans at the stopper for regulating the outflow, and with capillaryslits or interstices in said passage to establish a capillary flowcommunicating with the external atmosphere, and what I term irritants,to facilitate the movement of the liquid and avoid its being choked bythe accumulation of air-bubbles in the passage.

My improved bottle constitutes a liquidsachet, which may be used forperfuming the contents of drawers without liability of its contentsflowing out in too great quantity or of the flow entirely ceasing. Iprovide, also, an adjustable cap, by which all flow from the bottle maybe shut off at will. This cap is either screwed upon the stopper or heldthereon frictionally.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section of a sachetor similar bottle constructed according to my invention and adapted foruse as a chain-pendant. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section, on alarger scale, of the bottle withdrawn from its outer case or sheath.Fig. 3 is a similar section of a modified construction of bottlestopper. Fig. 4. is a similar section of a further modification. Figs. 5and 6 show other modified constructions. Fig. 7 is a verticalmid-section of a bottle, showing a further modified construction ofstopper; and Fig. 8 is a transverse section thereof. Figs. 9 and I0 arerespectively vertical and transverse sections illustrating anothermodification.

Let A designate the bottle, B the stopper thereof, and O (in Fig. 1) aninclosing case or sheath, which fits over the bottle and which may besuspended from a chain, D. The stopper B fits into (or over) and closesthe neck of the bottle, as usual, and has a tube or tubular passage orconduit, E, extending through it and projecting within the bottle nearlyto the bottom thereof, by preference, or at least sufficiently to dipinto the liquid therein. This conduit E may be made of metal or othersuitable material, and is of tubular form or of such approximationthereto as to afford a continuous passage for fluid from the levelthereof within the vessel to the external atmosphere. A part or all ofthe conduit has its walls so close together as to constitute acontinuous capillary interstice or passage for facilitating the flow ofliquid. This capillary interstice communicates with the externalatmosphere.

The conduit may be a tube with a capillary bore, or it may be a largertube with a capillary slit along one side, or it may consist of atubular scroll or of two leaves of metal twisted together, or of asingle strip folded upon itself, or it may be otherwise formed as may bepreferred.

In the conduit is placed what I term an irritant F, which consists of apiece ofslender wire, a bristle, a piece of broomcorn, or other slenderflexible filament of any material having the property of attractingliquid to itself, and of thereby maintaining what I call alubricating-line within the conduit, and preventing the choking thereofby the drying of liquid therein, or by the accumulation therein oftenacious air-bubbles. This irritant should be mounted freely within theconduit, in order that it may be capable of a slight movement therein.It may extend in a straight line or in a sinuous path, or, what ispreferable, it may be looped back upon itself at intervals,in order toform pockets for catching the bubbles, and to enable the liquid to passthem by flowing around them.

The flow from the conduit is regulated by a screw-cap, G, on the top ofthestopper. The

stopper may be completely inclosed by slipping over it a sheath, 0,which prevents evaporation.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the bottle A, which may be ofmetal, has its neck internally screw-threaded, and the stopper B isscrewed tightly therein. The tube or conduit E passes through thestopper, being cemented or otherwise secured therein, and extendingthence downward nearly to the bottom ofthe bottle. Its upper endprojects above the top of the bottle and is enlarged, its enlargement orhead ebeing peripherally screwthreaded. On this head eis placed thescrewcap G, which has internal threads engaging those on the head, sothat it may be screwed up or down. In the tube E are orifices a a,which, when the cap is screwed down,are covered by the neck 9 thereof,thereby shutting off the flow. The orifices a a open into an annularchamber or recess, H, in the top of the stopper, formed by a flange, n,thereon, and closed more or less by the cap Gr. Vhen the cap G isscrewed down, a shoulder, g, on its under side seats itself against thetop of the flange h, thereby closing the chamber H and preventing anyescape of moisture from the bottle. 7

By screwing up the cap G more or less the flow of liquid may be adjustedas may be desired.

The tube E has a narrow slit, 0, extending down its side. This slitforms a capillary interstice or duct for assisting the climbing up ofliquid from the interior of the bottle toward the outlet. \Vithin thetube E is the irritant F, which in this construction consists of apolished wire bent into loops d d at intervals. The upper end of thewire is shown as attached to the cap G, so that as the latter is screwedup or down the wire will be rotated in the tube, and will thus tend tobreak up the bubbles that may be therein. The discharge of liquid fromthe bottle necessitates that air shall enter to take its place. Theentering air must pass down the tube or conduit E, as there is no otherpath for it. Its passage into the bottle is in the form of bubbles ofvarying sizes. If subjected to agitation, the air will form in minutebubbles or froth,which, being saturated with liquid, offers no obstacleto the flow of liquid or the entrance of air; but the air tends toaccumulate in larger bubbles, which eventually become large enough tofill the tube and acquire considerable coherence, so that they afford aserious resistance to the flow of liquid. The purpose of the irritant isto avoid this accumulation of large and tenacious bubbles. The polishedsurface of the irritant has the power of attracting moisture to it, sothat the air in passing down the tube comes repeatedly in contact withthe wet surface of the irritant. The loops of the irritant catch andconfine the larger bubbles, while maintaining a liquid line around them,and when the bubbles expand to a larger size than the loops they are cutin two by the latter and pass on down the tube as distinct bubbles,separated by films of liquid. Thus the interference of the air with theliquid is greatly reduced, and a flow of the lattersuch as is desired ismaintained. This flow,being induced When the bottle is used as a liquidsachet,

the screw-cap is to be raised slightly, and the bottle laid among thethings to be perfumed. The liquid then oozes out very slowly,enteringthe chamber H and vaporizing upon reaching the outer air. The bottle maybe used like any ordinary perfumery-bottle by flirting or agitating itto throw out a drop or two at a time.

Fig. 3 shows a construction wherein the stopper B constitutes a cork orplug which may be fitted to various bottles. The chamber H consists of ahollow perforated sphere, and the flow may be shut off by a screw, G,which closes the upper end of the tube E. There are two irritants, F andF, the former being twisted into a loose spiral and attached to the tubeE, and the latter being a straight wire attached to the screw G.

Fig. 4 shows a construction wherein two looped irritants, F F, are used.The tube E opens into a chamber, H, which is formed by a depression inthe upper plate of the stopper, and is closed by a spring-plate, m, inwhich a valve is formed in the shape of a loose tongue, it, acted uponbyascrew,G.- The liquid which passes this valve enters the chamberH,which is formed bya perforated cap, 19, screwed onto the flange h ofthe stopper.

Fig. 5shows a further modification of my stopper.

The capillary conduit E is not atube, but is instead a roll of metal,hard rubber, or other niaterial,.coiled up, as shown, so as to leave athin capillary space between the convolutions. The roll thus formed issoldered or cemented to the stopper,-and its upper end projects into thechamber H therein, and has holes in its sides. A tube, 8, fits over theend of the conduit and has holes in its sides communicating with thechamber H. The liquid passes out from this chamber through holes t andtube 8, and its escape is controlled by a screwcap, G, which may beadjusted to close more or less the outlet-perforations i i in this tube.

Fig. 6 has the capillary conduit E composed of two parallel flat stripstwisted as shown, thereby leaving a thin capillary space between them.These strips may be of metal or of hard rubber or other material, or onemay be of one material and the other of another. The upper end of theconduit opens into the chamber H in the stopper, closed by a perforatedcap, p.

Figs. 7 and 8 show an extensible tube, E, in part of which a smallercapillary tube, r, is formed. The larger tube contains the loopedirritant F. The extension-tube E slides telescopicall y withinthislarger tube, and has perforations q q iii its side. Theupper end ofthe tube is incloried by a removable cap, p, having an opening closed bya screw-plug, G.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a conduit, E, composed of a folded strip of metal,hard rubber, or other material, the two leaves of which are slightly outof contact, so that the intervening space becomes a capillary channel.

It will be observed that the irritant is omitted from the constructionshown in Figs. 5, 6, and 9. This irritant is not indispensable to myinvention, but is highly desirable, especially for a liquid-sachet.

I claim as my invention, in a bottle for perfumery or other liquids, ora stopper adapted for such bottles, the following defined novel featuresor combinations, substantially as here inbefore specified, namely:

1. The combination, with a stopper, of a capillary conduit extendingthence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle and a chamher at theoutside of the stopper opening to the external atmosphere, with whichsaid conduit communicates.

2. The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thencedownwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the externalatmosphere, and constructed with a conti nuous capillary interstice.

The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thencedownwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the externalatm0sphere,and constructed with a continuous capillary interstice andwith a larger opening for the passage of air.

4. The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thencedownwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the ex ternalatmosphere, and an irritant in said conduit looped at intervals to catchthe bubbles and form a liquid line around them.

5. The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thencedownwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the externalatmosphere, and constructed with a continuous capillary interstice, andan irritant in said conduit.

6. The combination, with the stopper, of a capillary conduit extendingthence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, a chamber at theoutside of the stopper, with which said conduit communicates, saidchamber opening to the external atmosphere, and an adjustable cap forclosing said chamber.

7. The combination, with the stopper, of a capillary conduit extendingthence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle and opening to theexternal atmosphere, and a screw-cap adapted to regulate the flowthrough said conduit.

8. The combination, with the stopper, of a capillary conduit extendingthence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle and opening to theexternal atmosphere, an adjustable cap adapted to regulate the flowthrough said conduit, and an irritant in said conduit and fixed to saidcap, whereby the turning of said cap rotates said irritant in theconduit.

9. The combination of stopper B, capillary conduit E, screw-cap G, andchamber H.

10. The combination of stopper B, capillary conduit E, irritant Ftherein, and screw-cap G.

11. The combination of bottle A, stopper B, capillary conduit E, andouter sheath, 0, tightly fitting said bottle and inclosing the stopper.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

XVILTJIAM \V. STENART.

\Vitnesses:

ARTHUR G. FRASER, GEORGE H. FRASER.

